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Mini Display Port / Thunderbolt
Display Port Version 1.0 to 1.1
DisplayPort 1.0 supports a maximum of 8.64 Gbit/s data rate over a 2 meter cable. DisplayPort 1.1 also supports devices which implement alternative link layers such as fiber optic, allowing a much longer reach between source and display without signal degradation, although alternative implementations are not standardized. It also supports HDCP in addition to DisplayPort Content Protection (DPCP).
Display Port Version 1.2
DisplayPort version 1.2 was approved on December 22, 2009. Most significant improvement of the new version is the doubling of the effective bandwidth to 17.28 Gbit/s, which allows increased resolutions, higher refresh rates, and greater color depth. Other improvements include multiple independent video streams (daisy-chain connection with multiple monitors), support for stereoscopic 3D, increased AUX channel bandwidth (from 1 Mbit/s to 720 Mbit/s), support for more color spaces including xvYCC, scRGB and Adobe RGB 1998, and Global Time Code (GTC) for sub 1 µs audio/video synchronisation, and addition of Apple Inc.'s Mini DisplayPort connector, which is much smaller and more appropriate for laptop computers and other small devices.
Thunderbolt (Light Peak)
On 14 October 2008, Apple introduced several products featuring a Mini DisplayPort as the sole video connector. This connector was proprietary at that time. Later, with versions 1.1a and 1.2 of the specification, it became part of the standard. Between October 2009 and February 2011, all Mac models feature Mini DisplayPort connector; during that time iMac, MacBook, MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, and Xserve models used Mini DisplayPort as their sole video output while the Mac Mini and Mac Pro models had both a Mini DisplayPort and either a DVI port (Mac Pro) or an HDMI port (Mac Mini). On February 24, 2011 MacBook Pros began shipping with Thunderbolt (known previously by Intel codename Light Peak) which provides both DisplayPort and PCI Express functionality in a single port. On May 3, 2011 Apple introduced their first iMac lineup with Thunderbolt built in. The iMac 21 in (53 cm) received one and the iMac 27 in (69 cm) received two Thunderbolt ports.
Apple's latest 24 in (61 cm) and 27 in (69 cm) LED Cinema Displays feature Mini DisplayPort connector. The recent 27-inch iMac model allows the Mini DisplayPort to act as an input, turning the iMac into a standalone display.
Source: Wikipedia
